Outcome domain | Measure | Scale |
---|---|---|
Sense of meaning | Personal Meaning Index of the Life Attitude Profile – Revised (LAP-R) [56] | 16 items, 7-point Likert scale from 1 (strongly agree) to 7 (strongly disagree). Scores are summed |
Quality of life | Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy – General (FACT-G) [57] | 27 items, 5-point Likert scale from 0 (not at all) to 4 (extremely). Four subscales, summed |
Spiritual well-being | Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy – Spiritual Well-being 12-item scale (FACIT-SP-12) [58] | 12 items, 5-point Likert scale from 0 (not at all) to 4 (very much). Scores are summed |
Sense of connectedness | Watts Connectedness Scale [59] | 19 items, rated on VAS (0–100), anchors: ‘Not at all’ and ‘Entirely’. Three subscales, reported as mean scores and subscale means |
Anxiety and depression | Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) [60] | 21 items, 5-point Likert scale, from 0 (never) to 4 (almost always). Three subscales, reported as summed scores (each subscale sum multiplied by two) |
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) [61] | 14 items, 5-point Likert scale (0–4). Two subscales, reported as summed scores | |
Te Whare Tapa Wha Mental Health outcomes | Hua Oranga [62] | 14 items, 5-point Likert Scale (1–5). Four subscales, reported as subscale or total questionnaire summed scores |
Demoralisation | Demoralization Scale [63] | 24 items, 5-point Likert scale, ranging from 0 (never) to 4 (all the time). Five subscales, reported as summed scores |
Attitudes towards death | Schedule of Attitudes towards Hastened Death (SAHD) [64] | 20 items, scored 0 (false) or 1 (true), reported as a total sum |
Personality | Big Five Inventory (BFI-2-XS) [65] | 15 items, 5-point Likert scale, ranging from 1 (disagree strongly) to 5 (agree strongly). Five subscales, reported as summed scores |
Therapeutic alliance | Working Alliance Inventory Short Form (WAI-SF) [66] | 12 items, 5-point Likert scale, ranging from 1 (seldom) to 5 (always). Three subscales, reported as summed scores |
Altered states of consciousness | 5-Dimensional Altered States of Consciousness Rating Scale (5D-ASC) [67] | 94 items, with 5 scales and 11 subscales reported as % of the maximum score |
Personality: absorption | Modified Tellegen Absorption Scale (MODTAS) [68] | 34 items rated on a 5-point scale (0–4) reported as the sum of scores (0–136) |
Treatment expectancy | Treatment Expectancy Questionnaire [69] | 15 items rated on an 11-point Likert scale |
Pain | Brief Pain Inventory – Short Form (BPI-SF) [70] | 4 severity items and 7 interference items, rated on an 11-point Likert scale, ranging from 0 (no pain/does not interfere) to 10 (pain as bad as you can imagine/completely interferes), the two subscales are reported as means |
Measurement of blinding | Dose Day Questionnaire | Single-item measure (placebo, LSD, don’t know) |
Subjective drug effects | Drug Effects Visual Analogue Scale [39] | 12 items, rated on VAS (0–100), reported individually and as mean score |
Caregiver stress – support person only | Kingston Caregiver Stress Scale [71] | 10 items, rated on 5-point Likert scale, reported as the sum of scores (10–50) |
Closeness to others – support person only | Inclusion of Other in Self [72] | Single-item measure, between 1 and 7 |