Table 2 Characteristics of the patients diagnosed with COPD (n=13) and the participants in risk of COPD (n=7)

Sex, female/male (%)

6/7 (46/54)

6/1 (86/14)

Age (years)

71.0 ± 7.7

54.1 ± 9.9

Smoking status n (%)

 Never smoked

1 (8)

 Current

4 (31)

7 (100)

 Former

8 (61)

GOLD grade n (%)

 I

3 (23)

 II

6 (46)

 III

3 (23)

 IV

1 (8)

BMI (mean, kg/m²)

25.5 ± 3.5

23.3 ± 3.3

FEV₁ (% pred)

59.1 ± 21.5

74.5 ± 12.2

FVC (% pred)

83.0 ± 19.6

87.5 ± 10.9

FEV₁/FVC (%)

55.3 ± 11.5

70.0 ± 3.7

CAT total score

10.6 ± 5.6

mMRC dyspnea grade (median)

1.0

3.38 ± 0.53