Use of guidelines, checklists, frameworks, and recommendations in behavioral intervention preliminary studies and associations with reporting comprehensiveness: a scoping bibliometric review

Table 1 Characteristics of included preliminary studies (N = 367)

Characteristics	Included sample		Never citers		Indirect citers		Citers
	N = 367		N = 129		N = 71		N = 167
	N	Percent (%)	N	Percent (%)	N	Percent (%)	N	Percent (%)
Year
2018	77	20.9	34	26.4	15	21.1	28	16.8
2019	96	26.2	36	27.9	17	23.9	43	25.7
2020	106	28.9	35	27.1	20	28.2	51	30.5
2021	88	23.9	24	18.6	19	26.8	45	26.9
Location
Africa	21	5.7	10	7.8	6	8.5	5	2.9
Asia	30	8.2	19	14.7	6	8.5	5	2.9
Europe	135	36.8	32	24.8	15	21.1	88	52.7
North America	133	36.2	56	43.4	32	45.1	45	26.9
Oceania	43	11.7	11	8.5	11	15.5	21	12.6
South America	2	0.5	1	0.8	1	1.4	0	0.0
Multi-continent	3	0.8	0	0.0	0	0.0	3	1.8
Baseline sample size (N)
1–24	68	22.4	21	17.9	20	31.8	27	21.9
25–49	91	30.0	41	35.0	15	23.8	35	28.5
50–99	72	23.7	26	22.2	11	17.5	35	28.5
100 or more	72	23.7	29	24.8	17	26.9	26	21.1
Participant age
Youth	37	10.1	16	12.4	10	14.1	11	6.6
Adult	290	79.0	98	75.9	54	76.1	138	82.6
Both	40	10.9	15	11.6	7	9.9	18	10.8
Treatment length (weeks)
6 weeks or less	101	28.5	45	36.6	21	30.4	35	21.5
7–12 weeks	145	40.9	41	33.3	30	43.5	74	45.4
13–26 weeks	71	20.0	26	21.1	12	17.4	33	20.3
27–52 weeks	28	7.9	8	6.5	3	4.4	17	10.4
53 weeks or more	10	2.8	3	2.4	3	4.4	4	2.5
Design
Randomized controlled trial	156	42.5	51	39.5	24	33.8	81	48.5
Non-randomized, single group	142	38.7	54	41.9	33	46.5	55	32.9
Non-randomized, multi-intervention	41	11.2	18	13.9	10	14.1	13	7.8
Randomized, multi-intervention	28	7.6	6	4.7	4	5.6	18	10.8
Protocols	126	34.3	29	22.5	12	16.9	85	50.9
Registered trials	210	57.2	49	37.9	46	64.8	131	78.4
Funding
Any	320	87.2	107	82.9	62	87.3	151	90.4
CIHR (Canada)	7	2.2	2	1.9	2	3.2	3	1.9
MRC (UK)	9	2.8	4	3.7	1	1.6	4	2.6
NIH (USA)	91	28.4	33	30.8	19	30.6	39	25.8
NIHR (Europe)	46	14.4	10	9.3	10	16.1	26	17.2
NHMRC (Australia)	12	3.8	5	4.7	3	4.8	4	2.6

ISSN: 2055-5784