Table 9 BCPPA goal attainment and frequency of linked conversation behaviours observed via analysis of pre- and post-intervention video recorded conversations

2.01

To elaborate more (PwPPA)

A + 

35.78

64.22^a

28.44

1 (F)

8.33

6

To wait or avoid finishing PwPPA’s sentences (CP)

A + 

2 (B)

0

0

To ask more questions (PwPPA)

A + 

3 (F)

4

7^a

To ask more open questions (CP)

A + 

4 (F)

0.7

0.7

3.01

To use gestures when encountering word finding difficulties (PwPPA)

A

35.81

58.9

23.09

19 (F)

0.33

3^a

To ask less test questions (CP)

A + 

5 (B)

1.7

0.7^a

To give additional information around a person’s identity when unable to generate name (PwPPA)

A

6 (F)

0

0.33^a

To waiting before offering prompts to help (CP)

A + 

7 (F)

0.3

3^a

4.02

To use prompt card when needed to help facilitate conversations (PwPPA)

A + 

38.76

63.3^a

24.54

8 (F)

0

0

To let PwPPA lead conversations (CP)

A +  + 

16 (F)

0

0

3.03

To pause when PwPPA gets stuck on a word and give a bit more time (CP)

A + 

36.78

67.6^a

30.82

7 (F)

3

0

To use eye gaze to point, when stuck on a word, to indicate word/topic (PwPPA)

A + 

24 (F)

0.33

0

To use hands for gesture/mime to support talking (to prompt self & indicate to others) (PwPPA)

A +  + 

20 (F)

2.33

12^a

1.01

To choose the topic (PwPPA)

A + 

35.38

63.2^a

27.82

9 (F)

3.67

3.67

To describe or use gesture if I can’t think of the word (PwPPA)

A

11 (F)

19 (F)

0

0

0

0

To ask single questions rather than either or questions (CP)

A + 

12 (B)

14 (F)

10.3

0

8.3^a

1^a

To use shorter sentences (CP)

A + 

15 (F)

14.7

10.3

To ask questions to prompt PwPPA to choose a topic (CP)

A + 

16 (F)

7.7

10^a

4.04

To use a key word then comment based on this, to try and expand responses (to avoid always saying yes / no or agreeing) (PwPPA)

A

37.64

43.1

5.46

17 (F)

18.67

16

To use a gesture / signal when it’s the end of turn – difficult to know if finished OR if needing time to generate next response (PwPPA)

A + 

18 (F)

0.33

1^a

To prompt / use open ended questions to encourage expanded responses (CP)

NA

4 (F)

14 (B)

6.3

0

7^a

0.3^a

8.01

To use non-verbal communication / gesture to indicate understanding (PwPPA)

A + 

36.31

59.1

22.79

20 (F)

2.33

0.33

To feel less frustrated in conversations (PwPPA and CP)

A

To have strategies for managing negotiations in conversation (PwPPA and CP)

A + 

6.01

To use more meaningful gesture in conversation (PwPPA)

A + 

36.31

63.7^a

27.39

20 (F)

22 (F)

12

0

17.67^a

0.33^a

To use more writing and drawing in conversation (PwPPA)

A + 

17 (F)

11.67

10.67

To use more key words and automatic phrases in conversation (PwPPA)

A + 

25 (F)

3

3.33^a

6.03

To use intonation more to indicate agreement/disagreement, opinion, feelings and mood (PwPPA)

A + 

38.2

49.02

10.82

26 (F)

0

0.33^a

To use eye gaze to point to support shared attention (PwPPA)

A

27 (F)

0.67

3.33^a

To use props/objects to support conversations (CP)

A

21 (F)

2.7

6.7^a