Skip to main content

Table 3 Feasibility trial quantitative secondary outcomes and process measures

From: A complex ePrescribing-based Anti-Microbial Stewardship (ePAMS+) intervention for hospitals combining technological and behavioural components: protocol for a feasibility trial

Outcome

Process measure

Length of hospital stay

Days of therapy (and intravenous therapy)

Diagnostics

Number of antibiotics prescribed

Number of antibiotic courses

Repeat courses for same indication

Number of courses for same indication

Switches

- Of frequency

- Of dose

- From intravenous to oral

- From oral to intravenous

- To alternative antimicrobial

- From narrow to broad spectrum

Discontinuation of therapy

Number of courses concordant with local guidelines for antibiotic choice/duration

Resistance rates

Susceptibility

Acquisition of multi-drug resistant organism

Healthcare-associated infection

Episodes of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI)

methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

gram-negative bacilli (GNB)

Clinical decision support (CDS)

- CDS ‘work around’

- CDS alert frequency

- CDS alert override

- Use of CDS order set

Time

- To administration

- To active therapy (first dose)

- Spent prescribing

Documentation of

- Indication

- Duration

- Stop/review

- Decision-making

Switches from

- Reserve to watch group antibiotic

- Watch to access group antibiotic

Adherence to clinical guidelines

Adherence to documented sensitivity

Appropriate dose for indication

  1. All outcomes recorded by running standardised query to extract data routinely held within the Cerner EPMA system at study site