Table 1 Study settings

Beijing, China

Peking University Sixth Hospital and District Mental Health Hospitals, Haidian, Chaoyang, Xicheng District, Beijing

Psychiatry residents, psychiatrists, psychiatric nurses, social workers

30 mental health professionals

Guangzhou, China

Rehabilitation Department, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Liwan district, Guangzhou, China

Psychiatrists, psychiatric nurses, rehabilitation therapists, psychotherapists, social workers

20 mental health professionals

Ethiopia

District Health Offices and Primary Health Centres, Sodo, South Sodo, Misrak Meskan and Meskan districts, Butajira City Administration, South Central Ethiopia

Psychiatric nurses and health administrators or managers involved in coordinating and developing mental health care

A total of 28 (5 psychiatric nurses, 5 mental health coordinators from district health offices and 18 health centre heads or health centre focal persons for mental health)

Bengaluru, India

Rehabilitation Departments, National Institute of Mental Health and neurosciences (NIMHANS)-tertiary care centre

Psychiatry residents, trainees from M.Phil. in Psychiatric Social Work/Psychology/M.Sc. Psychiatry nursing/staff who come in regular contact with a person with mental illness (such as instructors)

24 mental health and non-mental health professionals

Delhi (National Capital Region), India

District Hospital in Faridabad, Haryana

Mental health professionals (1 psychiatrist, 1 counsellor, 1 psychiatric nurse and 1 community nurse)

Four trained mental health professionals

Kathmandu, Nepal

Private and government hospitals and medical colleges Pokhara, Gandaki Province

Psychiatry residents, psychiatrists, psychiatric nurses

6–8 psychiatrists, residents and psychiatric nurses

Tunis, Tunisia

Razi University Hospital La Manouba

Psychiatry residents, nurses working in mental health at the hospital

16–20 psychiatry residents and nurses