Table 2 Changes in sleep, glycemic, and self-reported parameters after interventions
Sleep-Extend (n=9) | Healthy living (n=5) | Mean difference | 95% confidence interval | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Objectively measured sleep parameters | ||||
Δ sleep duration (minutes) | 26.9 (42.5) | − 9.1 (20.4) | 35.9 | − 8.6, 80.5 |
Δ sleep efficiency (%) | − 3.0 (3.1) | − 0.6 (1.9) | − 2.4 | − 5.7, 0.9 |
Δ fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 1.6 (9.4) | 10.4 (8.2) | − 8.8 | − 19.8, 2.1 |
Δ 2h glucose (mg/dL) | 8.7 (20.6) | 10.4 (27.3) | − 1.6 | − 29.6, 26.4 |
Δ AUC glucose | 13.5 (35.1) | 6.6 (46.7) | 6.9 | − 40.9, 54.8 |
Δ HOMA-IR | 0.70 (1.40)* | 0.59 (1.08) | 0.11 | − 1.51, 1.74 |
Secondary outcomes | ||||
Δ weight (kg) | − 0.22 (1.9) | − 1.66 (2.08) | 1.43 | − 0.97, 3.85 |
Δ PSQI | − 2.8 (3.2) | − 2.0 (4.2) | − 0.8 | − 5.1, 3.5 |
Δ GAD-7 score | 1.0 (− 1.5, 2.0) | 1.0 (0.0, 2.0)** | U=17.0, z=− 0.16 | |
Δ Promis fatigue T-score | − 5.1 (8.7) | 5.5 (3.1)** | − 10.6 | − 20.7, − 0.6 |
Δ IPAQ (MET- minutes/week) | +1847 (3200) | − 3188 (4341)** | 5036 | 343, 9729 |
Δ CES-D | − 1.9 (5.6) | +3.4 (3.8) | − 5.2 | -11.4, 0.9 |