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Table 2 Quantitative scales score pre (baseline) and post (follow-up) cognitive behavioral therapy intervention

From: A mixed-methods approach to understanding the perspectives, experiences, and attitudes of a culturally tailored cognitive behavioral therapy/motivational interviewing intervention for African American patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized parallel design pilot study

Scales

T2DM mean at baseline

T2DM mean at follow-up

t(26)

P-value

Max score

SMRC self-efficacy

10

 All participants (n = 14)

7.21

7.10

0.26

0.80

 In-person (n = 7)

7.34

7.43

− 0.16

0.88

 Online (n = 7)

6.94

6.77

0.47

0.65

DDS total

6

All participants (n = 14)

2.46

1.95

2.62

0.02*

 In-person (n = 7)

2.35

1.74

1.98

0.09

 Online (n = 7)

2.57

2.15

1.60

0.16

DDS emotional burden

6

 All participants (n = 14)

2.94

2.28

2.59

0.02*

 In-person (n = 7)

3.00

2.00

2.66

0.04*

 Online (n = 7)

2.89

2.56

1.00

0.35

DDS physician distress

6

 All participants (n = 14)

1.70

1.14

1.80

0.09

 In-person (n = 7)

1.39

1.07

1.12

0.31

 Online (n = 7)

2.00

1.21

1.42

0.21

DDS regimen distress

6

 All participants (n = 14)

3.11

2.55

2.6

0.02*

 In-person (n = 7)

2.71

2.11

1.47

0.19

 Online (n = 7)

3.51

2.99

2.80

0.03*

DDS interpersonal distress

6

 All participants (n = 14)

1.66

1.38

1.03

0.32

 In-person (n = 7)

2.00

1.33

1.92

0.10

 Online (n = 7)

1.33

1.43

− 0.25

0.81

GAD-7

21

 All participants (n = 14)

6.36

4.21

2.22

0.04*

 In-person (n = 7)

7.14

6.00

0.80

0.45

 Online (n = 7)

5.57

2.43

2.42

0.05

PHQ-9

27

 All participants (n = 14)

6.64

6.36

0.26

0.80

 In-person (n = 7)

7.29

7.71

− 0.35

0.74

 Online (n = 7)

6.00

5.00

0.52

0.62

PSS

40

 All participants (n = 14)

15.14

14.5

0.32

0.76

 In-person (n = 7)

13.29

15.43

− 1.37

0.22

 Online (n = 7)

17.00

13.57

0.95

0.38

RAND 36-physical functioning

100

 All participants (n = 14)

62.14

66.43

− 0.90

0.39

 In-person (n = 7)

53.57

60.00

− 1.19

0.28

 Online (n = 7)

70.71

72.86

− 0.26

0.80

RAND 36-physical problems limitations

100

 All participants (n = 14)

58.93

61.61

− 0.28

0.79

 In-person (n = 7)

42.86

57.14

− 0.88

0.41

 Online (n = 7)

75.00

66.07

0.92

0.39

RAND 36-emotional problem limitations

100

 All participants (n = 14)

69.05

61.91

0.67

0.51

 In-person (n = 7)

66.66

57.14

0.79

0.46

 Online (n = 7)

71.43

66.67

0.26

0.80

RAND 36-energy/fatigue

100

 All participants (n = 14)

47.14

52.86

− 0.99

0.34

 In-person (n = 7)

45.71

58.57

− 1.44

0.20

 Online (n = 7)

48.57

66.67

0.21

0.84

RAND 36-emotional wellness

100

 All participants (n = 14)

74.00

74.29

− 0.08

0.94

 In-person (n = 7)

77.71

74.86

0.55

0.60

 Online (n = 7)

70.29

73.71

− 0.66

0.53

RAND 36-social functioning

100

 All participants (n = 14)

61.61

75.00

− 2.03

0.06

 In-person (n = 7)

50.00

69.64

− 1.66

0.15

 Online (n = 7)

73.21

80.36

− 1.19

0.28

RAND 36-pain

100

 All participants (n = 14)

51.07

70.00

− 3.78

< 0.01*

 In-person (n = 7)

39.29

64.29

− 3.43

0.01*

 Online (n = 7)

62.86

75.71

− 1.95

0.10

RAND 36-general health

100

 All participants (n = 14)

55

55.71

− 0.13

0.90

 In-person (n = 7)

52.86

55.71

− 0.30

0.77

 Online (n = 7)

57.14

55.71

0.25

0.81

MOCA

30

 All participants (n = 14)

25.29

26.21

− 1.34

0.20

 In-person (n = 7)

25.14

25.71

− 0.55

0.60

 Online (n = 7)

25.43

26.71

− 1.33

0.23

HbA1c

 

 All participants

10.0%

8.9%

0.5

0.06

  1. *Statistically significant difference indicated by a p-value less than 0.05
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Pilot and Feasibility Studies

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