Table 3 Summary of secondary outcomes
Outcome | Control | Treatment | MD (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
Cumulative opioid consumption (mg) at 24 h, mean ± SD | 5.28 ± 4.17 n=12 | 3.66 ± 2.22 n=12 | 1.63 (–1.20 to 4.45) |
Cumulative opioid consumption (mg) between 24–48 h, mean ± SD | 2.61 ± 3.77 n=12 | 1.89 ± 2.91 n=12 | 0.72 (–2.14 to 3.57) |
Cumulative opioid consumption (mg), at 48 h, mean ± SD | 7.89 ± 5.58 | 5.55 ± 4.44 | 2.34 (–1.93 to 6.61) |
Pain score at resta | |||
Average pain after 24 h, mean ± SD | 3.75 ± 2.18 n=12 | 3.04 ± 2.90 n=12 | 0.71 (–1.47 to 2.88) |
Average pain after 48 hr, mean ± SD | 3.08 ± 2.42 n=6 | 1.44 ± 1.95 n=8 | 1.65 (–0.89 to 4.19) |
Pain scores with movementa | |||
Average pain after 24 h; mean ± SD | 5.17 ± 2.61 n=12 | 5.33 ± 2.88 n=12 | –0.17 (–2.49 to 2.16) |
Average pain after 48 h, mean ± SD | 4.08 ± 1.69 n=6 | 2.31 ± 2.56 n=8 | 1.77 (–0.86 to 4.41) |
Adverse event: Catheter migration | 0 | 1 | |
Adverse event: Catheter disconnection | 0 | 1 | |
Patient satisfaction, n (%) | |||
Very satisfied | 7 (58.33) | 8 (66.67) | |
Satisfied | 3 (25.00) | 3 (25.00) | |
Neutral | 2 (16.67) | 1 (8.33) | |
Required treatment for nausea and vomiting in PACU, n (%) | 1 (8.33) | 2 (16.67) | . |
Required treatment for nausea and vomiting in the first 24 h postoperatively (excluding PACU), n (%) | 6 (50) | 3 (25) | . |