Psychological therapy for mood instability within bipolar spectrum disorder: a single-arm feasibility study of a dialectical behaviour therapy-informed approach

Table 4 Mean scores and change on process measures at baseline and follow-up assessments (PP sample)

	Pre-treatment mean (SD)	Post-treatment mean (SD)	Pre-post correlation (R)	Effect size (d)	Reliable change (deterioration, no change, improvement)
BADS total	71.44 (27.51)	100.00 (20.35)	0.37	1.04	0, 5, 4
KIMS_OB¹	40.17 (9.68)	44.33 (7.53)	0.64	0.43	0, 5, 1
KIMS_DES¹	26.33 (6.86)	28.50 (3.15)	0.65	0.32	0, 4, 2
KIMS_AW¹	23.67 (8.59)	29.33 (8.16)	0.59	0.66	0, 4, 2
KIMS_AC¹	21.50 (8.98)	25.67 (5.20)	0.23	0.46	0, 4, 2
HAPPI	2333.25 (821.02)	1497.94 (760.96)	0.25	1.02	1, 2, 6
IIP (n = 8)	58.44 (18.37)	49.75 (18.27)	0.56	0.51	0, 6, 2
UPPS-P NU²	38.88 (5.84)	34.44 (8.31)	0.22	1.05	0, 4, 4
UPPS-P PU²	45.88 (9.71)	37.56 (11.40)	0.04	0.85	0, 3, 5
UPPS-P PM²	25.99 (6.22)	24.78 (5.19)	0.53	0.20	1, 7, 0
UPPS-P SS²	30.88 (6.45)	30.22 (7.26)	0.66	0.27	0, 7, 1
UPPS-P PR²	23.00 (6.76)	22.11 (4.96)	0.57	0.09	1, 6, 1
Group fit	2.38 (1.06)	3.78 (1.09)	− .11	1.32	NA

n = 9 unless otherwise stated
BADS Behavioural Avoidance in Depression Scale, KIMS Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills, HAPPI Brief Hypomanic Attitudes and Positive Predictions Inventory, IIP-32 Inventory of Interpersonal Problems—short version, UPPS-P UPPS-P Impulsive Behaviour Scale
¹n = 6 completed post-treatment KIMS
²n = 8 completed both time points

ISSN: 2055-5784