Inclusion criteria |
1. Adult (≥ 18 years) ICU inpatient |
2. Reported penicillin allergy with a PEN-FAST score < 3 |
3. Are expected to stay in the ICU at least 24 h post-assessment |
Exclusion criteria (patient excluded if ONE of the following criteria present) |
1. Known pregnancy |
2. Death is deemed imminent or inevitable during this admission, and either the attending physician, patient or medical treatment decision-maker is not committed to active treatment |
3. Any other illness that, in the investigator’s judgement, will substantially increase the risk associated with subject’s participation in this study |
4. Patients with known history of ANY non-penicillin drug-associated anaphylaxis |
5. Patients with a known history of idiopathic urticaria, idiopathic anaphylaxis or mastocytosis |
6. Patients where the allergy history was not able to be confirmed with patient or medical treatment decision-maker |
7. Patients on antihistamine therapy (excluding H2-receptor antagonists) |
8. Patients receiving > 10 µg/minute of noradrenaline or any adrenaline therapy in the last 4 h |
9. High ventilator requirement if intubated (any of the following) i. Any mode other than spontaneous ii. Peak end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) > 5 cm H2O iii. FiO2 > 40% |
10. Patients receiving more than stress dose steroid therapy (i.e. > 50 mg QID hydrocortisone or daily equivalent) |