Evaluating acupuncture and standard care for pregnant women with back pain: the EASE Back pilot randomised controlled trial (ISRCTN49955124)

Table 7 Adjusted estimates (estimated marginal means and 95% CI) of key outcomes at 8 weeks follow-up for each treatment arm separately

Key outcomes	Outcome mean (95% CI) adjusted for baseline scores only			Outcome mean (95% CI) adjusted for baseline scores and other covariates^d
	Treatment arms			Treatment arms
	SC	SC+TA	SC+NPA	SC	SC+TA	SC+NPA
ODI score^a (0–100)	31.2 (25.5, 36.9)	23.2 (17.5, 28.8)	25.2 (19.1, 31.3)	31.3 (25.5, 37.0)	23.3 (17.5, 29.0)	25.0 (18.8, 31.3)
PGQ^b (0–100)
Total	48.3 (40.5, 56.2)	35.8 (28.0, 43.5)	40.1 (31.8, 48.3)	48.3 (40.5, 56.1)	36.7 (29.0, 44.4)	40.0 (30.7, 47.2)
Activity subscale	47.6 (39.5, 55.7)	35.3 (27.3, 43.2)	39.9 (31.4, 48.4)	47.7 (39.7, 55.7)	36.2 (28.3, 44.2)	38.6 (30.1, 47.1)
Symptom subscale	52.0 (44.1, 60.0)	36.2 (28.3, 44.0)	40.1 (31.7, 48.5)	52.4 (44.4, 60.3)	36.0 (28.1, 43.8)	40.0 (31.5, 48.4)
Pain severity (pain index)^c	4.1 (3.4, 4.8)	2.5 (1.8, 3.2)	2.1 (1.4, 2.9)	4.1 (3.4, 4.7)	2.6 (1.9, 3.2)	2.1 (1.3, 2.8)

^aOswestry Disability Index scores range from 0 to 100 with higher scores indicating greater disability
^bPelvic Girdle Questionnaire scores range from 0 to 100 where 100 is the worst possible
^cMean of three numerical rating scale for least, usual and current pain score
^dAdjusted for baseline outcome score, age, gestation week and baseline pain severity (for the disability outcomes) and ODI score for the pain severity outcome

ISSN: 2055-5784