Table 3 Candidate outcome measures
Outcome measures | Outcome | Description |
|---|---|---|
Residents | ||
Agitation | Lists 29 agitated behaviors. By proxy rating of frequency of occurrence in the previous 2 weeks, ranging from never (1) to several times an hour (7). Scores range from 29 to 203. A high score indicates high levels of agitation. | |
Quality of Life in late-stage Dementia scale QUALID [25] | Quality of Life | By proxy ratings (1 to 5) of 11 behaviors. Scores range from 11 to 55; low scores indicate higher levels of quality of life. |
Bristol Activities of Daily Living Scale BADLS [26] | Independence in daily activities | By proxy rating (1–5) of average ability on 20 activities in the preceding 2 weeks. Scores range from 20 to 100. Low scores indicate higher levels of independence. |
EQ-5D-5L: Instrument to describe and value health [27] | Health-related quality of life | By proxy rating (1–5) of health-related quality of life in five domains. Scores range from 20 to 100. A low score indicate a higher level of health-related quality of life. |
Functional Assessment Staging of Alzheimer’s disease FAST [20] | Estimate of dementia stage | Functional scale designed to evaluate people at the more moderate-severe stages of dementia. The scale has seven stages, the highest rating (7) indicates ‘severe dementia’. Ratings are guided by functional milestones. |
Staff | ||
Sense of Competence in Dementia Care Scale SCIDS [28] | Perceived competence of own delivery of dementia care. | Seventeen statements require a response (varying from ‘not at all’ (1) to ‘very much’ (4)) with reference to the questions ‘how well do you feel you can…’. Scores vary from 17 to 68. A high score indicates a higher level of sense of competence. |
Copenhagen Burn-out Inventory CBI [29] | Burn-out | 19 Items refer to personal burnout, work-related-burnout and client-related burnout. Scores are averaged over the number of questions for each category. Higher scores indicate higher levels of burn-out. |
Cognitive Daisy Questionnaire COG-D Q [15] | Perceived relevance of knowledge about cognitive strengths or weaknesses | Non-validated mixed 3-item scale (open-ended and rating (1–5) items). Each item is analysed separately. |