Table 3 Angles (°) and angular velocity (°/cs). Median (min, max) of different variables in the two movement phases (n = 28)
All weights | Stable | Slightly unstable | Unstable | Friedman | Wilcoxon Paired sign-rank (Bonferroni-adjusted) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Median | Min | Max | Median | Min | Max | Median | Min | Max | p-value | stable vs unstable | Stable vs slightly unstable | Slightly unstable vs unstable | |
Hip | |||||||||||||
Down | |||||||||||||
Mean | 53.1 | 33.1 | 71.0 | 55.3 | 27.7 | 72.3 | 56.1 | 31.1 | 74.2 | 0.779 | |||
Max | 85.0 | 68.4 | 101.1 | 84.7 | 60.4 | 101.2 | 85.3 | 30.7 | 101.1 | 0.060 | |||
Min | 5.7 | -3.0 | 67.2 | 6.4 | -2.5 | 21.4 | 5.3 | -2.1 | 23.1 | 0.565 | |||
ROM | 78.5 | 33.9 | 94.5 | 77.1 | 62.9 | 90.5 | 76.1 | 13.8 | 91.5 | 0.174 | |||
Velocity | 0.525 | 0.372 | 0.704 | 0.560 | 0.360 | 0.754 | 0.527 | 0.349 | 0.778 | 0.779 | |||
Up | |||||||||||||
Mean | 39.9 | 30.1 | 61.2 | 40.0 | 27.2 | 62.8 | 40.1 | 24.7 | 72.4 | 0.898 | |||
Max | 84.3 | 68.2 | 99.4 | 84.1 | 60.4 | 99.9 | 85.6 | 62.5 | 99.8 | 0.174 | |||
Min | 14.4 | 5.8 | 29.8 | 14.5 | 4.9 | 31.4 | 13.2 | -0.1 | 36.9 | 0.131 | |||
ROM | 71.0 | 55.7 | 81.1 | 69.9 | 53.6 | 76.7 | 71.7 | 54.3 | 87.4 | 0.565 | |||
Velocity | 0.282 | 0.177 | 0.600 | 0.296 | 0.166 | 0.655 | 0.309 | 0.160 | 0.763 | 0.779 | |||
Knee | |||||||||||||
Down | |||||||||||||
Mean | 52.5 | 25.1 | 78.3 | 51.0 | 24.0 | 78.6 | 51.5 | 27.9 | 76.7 | 0.215 | |||
Max | 93.2 | 39.7 | 114.2 | 90.7 | 38.9 | 112.2 | 89.4 | 36.8 | 111.6 | 0.629 | |||
Min | 8.7 | -4.0 | 54.1 | 9.9 | -3.4 | 17.9 | 11.7 | -3.3 | 23.7 | 0.007 | 0.002 (0.006) | 0.033 (0.098) | 0.350 (1.000) |
ROM | 85.3 | 30.0 | 108.1 | 84.7 | 28.5 | 109.1 | 82.3 | 13.1 | 107.4 | 0.248 | |||
Velocity | 0.458 | 0.299 | 0.799 | 0.502 | 0.308 | 0.731 | 0.472 | 0.318 | 0.760 | 0.105 | |||
Up | |||||||||||||
Mean | 29.0 | 18.9 | 51.8 | 28.6 | 15.5 | 47.6 | 32.9 | 18.0 | 61.7 | 0.409 | |||
Max | 90.7 | 39.5 | 106.9 | 89.7 | 38.9 | 108.0 | 94.6 | 43.7 | 110.3 | 0.779 | |||
Min | 10.9 | -8.4 | 22.5 | 9.6 | -7.2 | 18.9 | 11.4 | -10.7 | 24.3 | 0.004 | 0.016 (0.048) | 0.423 (1.000) | 0.001 (0.004) |
ROM | 79.3 | 26.5 | 105.7 | 82.1 | 29.0 | 107.5 | 80.3 | 32.7 | 105.8 | 0.507 | |||
Velocity | 0.198 | 0.126 | 0.523 | 0.210 | 0.108 | 0.503 | 0.224 | 0.118 | 0.650 | 0.248 | |||
Pelvic | |||||||||||||
Down | |||||||||||||
Mean | 23.0 | 11.8 | 30.5 | 23.2 | 13.2 | 29.6 | 21.0 | 14.5 | 31.1 | 0.018 | 0.593 (1.000) | 0.008 (0.023) | 0.033 (0.098) |
Max | 33.8 | 15.4 | 42.6 | 31.8 | 18.5 | 41.4 | 32.2 | 9.7 | 43.1 | 0.019 | 0.109 (0.326) | 0.005 (0.015) | 0.229 (0.687) |
Min | 8.5 | -0.7 | 33.4 | 8.8 | -0.5 | 16.4 | 8.1 | -3.5 | 19.2 | 0.629 | |||
ROM | 24.8 | 3.2 | 37.8 | 21.1 | 8.4 | 34.6 | 24.9 | 5.0 | 35.2 | 0.074 | |||
Velocity | 0.229 | 0.107 | 0.318 | 0.238 | 0.109 | 0.348 | 0.216 | 0.093 | 0.361 | 0.779 | |||
Up | |||||||||||||
Mean | 22.2 | 11.2 | 30.7 | 21.2 | 11.7 | 33.5 | 21.6 | 8.0 | 32.9 | 0.507 | |||
Max | 35.7 | 19.9 | 42.3 | 33.0 | 20.2 | 41.9 | 34.0 | 21.1 | 41.7 | 0.050 | 0.109 (0.326) | 0.016 (0.048) | 0.423 (1.000) |
Min | 13.4 | 4.0 | 20.9 | 13.2 | 4.6 | 23.8 | 12.8 | -4.4 | 24.3 | 0.507 | |||
ROM | 19.3 | 13.8 | 30.3 | 19.1 | 13.0 | 26.6 | 22.2 | 13.2 | 33.3 | 0.156 | |||
Velocity | 0.162 | 0.066 | 0.302 | 0.165 | 0.069 | 0.349 | 0.184 | 0.046 | 0.367 | 0.779 | |||
Lower back | |||||||||||||
Down | |||||||||||||
Mean | 16.1 | 3.5 | 43.9 | 14.7 | 5.2 | 42.0 | 16.1 | -3.4 | 39.9 | 0.368 | |||
Max | 31.1 | 18.5 | 62.7 | 30.0 | 15.8 | 58.9 | 30.6 | 14.6 | 60.0 | 0.009 | 0.003 (0.010) | 0.023 (0.0069) | 0.504 (1.000) |
Min | -7.7 | -15.8 | 4.1 | -9.3 | -15.3 | 4.5 | -7.3 | -21.3 | 22.0 | 0.965 | |||
ROM | 41.2 | 16.0 | 60.9 | 39.7 | 26.4 | 57.3 | 36.2 | 4.4 | 60.1 | 0.005 | 0.003 (0.010) | 0.008 (0.023) | 0.789 (1.000) |
Velocity | 0.151 | 0.027 | 0.503 | 0.151 | 0.062 | 0.478 | 0.146 | -0.035 | 0.493 | 0.009 | 0.023 (0.069) | 0.003 (0.010) | 0.504 (1.000) |
Up | |||||||||||||
Mean | 8.5 | 1.1 | 43.6 | 6.5 | -2.9 | 41.2 | 8.1 | -0.8 | 38.8 | <0.001 | 0.350 (1.000) | 0.003 (0.010) | <0.001 (<0.001) |
Max | 30.6 | 18.2 | 62.7 | 29.9 | 15.6 | 58.9 | 30.2 | 14.5 | 59.9 | 0.002 | 0.001 (0.004) | 0.005 (0.015) | 0.688 (1.000) |
Min | -4.6 | -11.8 | 19.6 | -6.2 | -12.5 | 18.9 | -4.9 | -14.9 | 18.6 | 0.005 | 0.593 (1.000) | 0.002 (0.006) | 0.011 (0.033) |
ROM | 38.0 | 26.5 | 46.3 | 35.9 | 27.4 | 46.9 | 31.9 | 25.9 | 48.4 | 0.015 | 0.005 (0.015) | 0.423 (1.000) | 0.045 (0.135) |
Velocity | 0.053 | 0.007 | 0.532 | 0.047 | -0.022 | 0.412 | 0.072 | -0.009 | 0.457 | 0.002 | 0.350 (1.0) | 0.011 (0.033) | 0.001 (0.002) |
Upper back | |||||||||||||
Down | |||||||||||||
Mean | -41.1 | -63.9 | -21.2 | -39.4 | -60.1 | -29.6 | -39.9 | -59.7 | -17.1 | 0.050 | 0.016 (0.048) | 0.109 (0.326) | 0.432 (1.000) |
Max | -0.8 | -7.1 | 3.0 | -1.4 | -9.1 | 3.3 | -1.5 | -26.5 | 5.3 | 0.331 | |||
Min | -64.4 | -98.7 | -45.5 | -61.3 | -92.0 | -43.1 | -59.5 | -92.4 | -3.3 | <0.001 | 0.002 (0.006) | <0.001 (0.001) | 0.504 (1.000) |
ROM | 63.1 | 45.2 | 96.5 | 59.4 | 44.6 | 89.9 | 57.0 | 6.1 | 91.1 | <0.001 | 0.001 (0.004) | <0.001 (0.001) | 0.688 (1.000) |
Velocity | -0.411 | -0.699 | -0.166 | -0.395 | -0.650 | -0.249 | -0.383 | -0.674 | -0.174 | 0.039 | 0.033 (0.098) | 0.023 (0.069) | 0.894 (1.000) |
Up | |||||||||||||
Mean | -31.9 | -64.3 | -19.4 | -30.8 | -61.4 | -21.2 | -31.3 | -61.2 | -25.3 | 0.039 | 0.285 (0.855) | 0.011 (0.033) | 0.142 (0.425) |
Max | -11.3 | -30.1 | -2.8 | -10.2 | -28.7 | -1.4 | -9.6 | -27.6 | -2.7 | 0.331 | |||
Min | -64.2 | -98.6 | -46.8 | -60.1 | -91.7 | -46.6 | -59.9 | -92.3 | -45.0 | <0.001 | 0.002 (0.006) | <0.001 (0.001) | 0.142 (0.425) |
ROM | 51.7 | 36.1 | 73.8 | 50.4 | 38.1 | 70.4 | 51.5 | 35.4 | 70.6 | 0.009 | 0.023 (0.069) | 0.003 (0.010) | 0.504 (1.000) |
Velocity | -0.220 | -0.783 | -0.116 | -0.211 | -0.614 | -0.128 | -0.226 | -0.670 | -0.171 | 0.055 | |||