Evaluating the effects of dance on motor outcomes, non-motor outcomes, and quality of life in people living with Parkinson’s: a feasibility study

Table 5 Results for non-motor outcomes

Outcome	Pre-test	Post-test	Change score	P	Effect size
PHQ-9	7.71 (5.62)	5.71 (5.74)	− 2.00	0.034	− 1.000
MoCA	26.71 (1.89)	27.43 (1.51)	0.72	0.671	− 0.238
Trail A (sec)	49.91 (12.69)	43.90 (14.24)	− 6.01	0.219	0.571
Trail B (sec)	92.47 (23.12)	99.76 (32.04)	7.29	0.578	− 0.286
DS Forward	11.14 (2.55)	11.43 (1.81)	0.29	0.798	− 0.143
DS Backward	6.43 (3.55)	7.00 (2.94)	0.57	0.526	− 0.333
DS Total	17.57 (4.32)	18.43 (4.58)	0.86	0.400	− 0.429
DSST	50.71 (11.90)	51.43 (12.38)	0.72	0.865	− 0.107

Non-motor outcomes were analyzed using the Wilcoxon-signed rank test. Pre- and post-test values presented are means and standard deviations. Effect size reported is the Rank-biserial correlation
PHQ-9 Patient Health Questionnaire 9, MoCA Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Trail A Trail Making Test Part A, Trail B Trail Making Test Part B, DS Digit Span, DSST Digit Symbol Substitution Test

ISSN: 2055-5784