Table 3 Summary of post-natal follow up (mothers N = 121; babies N = 124)
From: Feasibility of a birth-cohort in Pakistan: evidence for better lives study
Newborn’s health and wellbeing | |
|---|---|
Measures | Mean (SD) or N % |
Age of baby at the interview (in weeks) | 14.19 (5.09) |
 < 10 weeks | 29 (23.3%) |
 10–15 | 50 (40.3%) |
 16–20 | 33 (21.7%) |
 21–24 | 27 (14.5%) |
Weeks pregnant at delivery | 39 (2) |
Preterm (37th week or earlier) | 15 (12.3%) |
 38–40 | 86 (71.7%) |
 41–42 | 19 (16%) |
Type of delivery | |
 Normal vaginal delivery (Not induced) | 67 (56%) |
 Induced and vaginally | 16 (13%) |
 Planned cesarean | 18 (15%) |
 Unplanned, emergency cesarean | 17 (14%) |
Held the baby | |
 Immediately | 10 (8.8%) |
 Within five minutes | 4 (3.2%) |
 Within half an hour | 21 (17%) |
 Within an hour | 33 (27.4%) |
 After C-section with general anesthesia | 12 (9.6%) |
 Cannot remember | 1 (0.8%) |
 After 1 h | 40 (33.3%) |
Gender of baby | |
 Boys | 58 (47%) |
 Girls | 66 (53%) |
 Twin pregnancy | 3 (2.5%) |
 Birth weight (in lbs.) | 6.65 (1.43) |
Breastfeeding | |
 Breastfed exclusively | 72 (58%) |
 Breastfed and used milk substitute | 40 (32.2%) |
 Fed just milk substitute | 10 (8%) |
Mother’s wellbeing | |
 Mother’s birth memories-emotional (max score 35; higher score means negative emotions) | 22.67 (6.95) |
Strongly agree that: | |
 Had extremely positive emotions at the time of birth | 15 (12.4%) |
 Had extremely negative emotions at the time of birth | 43 (35.5%) |
 Had mixed positive and negative emotions at the time of birth | 26 (21.5%) |
 Currently have extremely positive emotions when recall birth experience | 24 (19.8%) |
 Currently have mixed positive and negative emotions when recall birth experience | 33 (27.3%) |
Depression PHQ-9 score | 5.29 (4.27) |
Depressed (≥ 10) | 18 (14.9%) |
Moderate depression (10–14) | 13 (10.7%) |
Moderately severe depression (15–19) | 5 (4.2%) |
Severe depression (20– 27) | 0 (0%) |