Table 2 Participant characteristics at baseline

Age (years)

72 (5)

71 (6)

Sex

4 females (57%)

6 females (86%)

Education (years)

18 (2.5)

13 (2.7)

Early MCI

1 (14%)

2 (29%)

MoCA (out of 30)

27.4 (3.1)

26.3 (3.1)

Body Mass Index (kg/m²)

29.0 (5.0)

30.1 (5.1)

Overweight (n)

5 (71%)

6 (86%)

Hypertension (n)

5 (71%)

4 (57%)

High Cholesterol (n)

4 (57%)

4 (57%)

Pre-diabetes (n)

3 (43%)

0 (0%)

Type 2 Diabetes (n)

1 (14%)

1 (14%)

V̇O_2peak (mL kg⁻¹ min⁻¹)

22.16 (5.35)^a

20.13 (3.64)^b

BEI diet score

6.43 (1.06)

7.21 (1.60)

Hippocampal volume (mm³)

3336 (557)^a

3156 (262)

RAVLT scores (out of 15)

9.00 (1.91)

9.86 (2.27)

HbA1c (%)

6.00 (.29)^a

5.76 (.57)

Serum vitamin K (nmol/L)

1.24 (0.39)^a

2.65 (1.61)