Table 4 Nutritional status, muscle strength, functional capacity, and quality of life measured at 30 and 60 days after discharge. The p-value in column 1 (read horizontally) is for paired data, and the p-value in column 4 and 7 is for unparied
30 days | 60 days | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Intervention, n = 15 | Control, n = 15 | p-value2 | Intervention, n = 9 | Control, n = 11 | p-value2 | |
Nutritional status | ||||||
Weight development and maintained or increased weight | ||||||
kg, median (range) | 74.7 (55.4–105.3) | 74.0 (52.2–109.1) | 0.54 | 74.9 (55.7–84.2) | 74.5 (53.1–101.1) | 0.66 |
△ from baseline, kg, median (range) | − 1.0 (− 4.6–3.0) | 0.3 (− 4.9–7.1) | 0.31 | 0.3 (− 3.3–3.3) | − 0.6 (− 4.2–3.5) | 0.33 |
p-value1 | 0.082 | 0.732 | 0.882 | 0.772 | ||
Maintained/increased weight, n (%) | 6 (40%) | 8 (53%) | 0.711 | 5 (56%) | 4 (36%) | 0.651 |
Achievement of ≥ 75% of energy requirement | ||||||
kJ/day, median (range) | 7700 (5900–11,600) | 5900 (4400–9900) | 0.08 | 7600 (5700–11,900) | 6500 (3100–10,200) | 0.26 |
Baseline ≥ 75% of requirements, n (%) | 8 (53%) | 7 (47%) | > 0.991 | 5 (56%) | 5 (47%) | > 0.991 |
≥ 75% of requirements, n (%) | 14 (93%) | 7 (47%) | 0.011 | 8 (89%) | 6 (55%) | 0.161 |
p-value1 | 0.041 | > 0.991 | 0.291 | > 0.991 | ||
Achievement of ≥ 75% of protein requirement | ||||||
g/day, median (range) | 76 (57–107) | 56 (42–106) | 0.01 | 76 (49–81) | 64 (42–113) | 0.57 |
Baseline ≥ 75% of requirements, n (%) | 3 (20%) | 5 (33%) | 0.681 | 2 (22%) | 4 (36%) | 0.621 |
≥ 75% of requirement, n (%) | 11 (73%) | 6 (40%) | 0.141 | 5 (56%) | 2 (18%) | 0.161 |
p-value1 | 0.011 | > 0.991 | 0.331 | 0.641 | ||
Muscle strength | ||||||
Change and increase in handgrip strength (HGS) | ||||||
kg, median (range) | 20 (10–46) | 24 (20–48) | 0.63 | 20 (11–42) | 22 (8–48) | 0.56 |
△ from baseline, kg, median (range) | 2 (− 4–6) | 2 (− 4–11) | 0.52 | 1 (− 3–7) | 3 (− 5–11) | 0.38 |
p-value1 | 0.202 | 0.062 | 0.262 | 0.052 | ||
Increased HGS, n (%) | 8 (53%) | 10 (67%) | 0.711 | 6 (67%) | 8 (73%) | > 0.991 |
Change and increased in 30-s chair stand (30-SCS)a | ||||||
30-SCS (WOA), stand ups, median (range) | 10 (5–11) | 9 (4–14) | 0.98 | 9 (5–13) | 10.5 (2–15) | 0.68 |
30-SCS (WA), stand ups, median (range) | 5 (4–8) | 8.5 (7–13) | 0.11 | 7 (4–8) | 6 (5–7) | 0.90 |
30-SCS from baseline, n (%) | 11 (79%) | 13 (93%) | 0.601 | 8 (89%) | 9 (90%) | > 0.991 |
Functional capacity | ||||||
Change in Functional Recovery Score (FRS) | ||||||
FRS, totalb | 86 (31–100) | 89 (33–100) | 0.56 | 82 (43–100) | 95 (50–100) | 0.41 |
△ FRS from baseline | 1 (− 6–34) | 2 (− 25–32) | 0.55 | 3 (0–28) | 2 (− 8–14) | 0.59 |
p-value1 | 0.162 | 0.062 | 0.022 | 0.082 | ||
P-ADL | 44 (25–44) | 44 (22–44) | 0.35 | 41 (25–44) | 44 (2–39) | 0.12 |
△ P-ADL from baseline | 0 (− 3–17) | 0 (− 17–11) | 0.80 | 0 (− 6–8) | 0 (− 17–5) | 0.60 |
p-value1 | 0.662 | 0.502 | 0.382 | 0.812 | ||
I-ADL | 19 (6–23) | 18 (2–23) | 0.94 | 16 (4–23) | 20 (3–23) | 0.81 |
△ I-ADL from baseline | 1 (− 8–6) | 0 (− 12–13) | 0.64 | 2 (− 6–4) | 0 (− 8–4) | 0.24 |
p-value1 | 0.262 | 0.702 | 0.302 | 0.832 | ||
Mobility | 25 (0–33) | 25 (8–33) | 0.64 | 25 (0–33) | 33 (17–33) | 0.40 |
△ Mobility from baseline | 0 (0–17) | 0 (0–17) | 0.55 | 0 (0–17) | 0 (0–17) | 0.53 |
p-value1 | 0.252 | 0.062 | 0.502 | 0.062 | ||
Quality of life | ||||||
Change in quality of life (QoL) and visual analog score (VAS) | ||||||
EQ-5D-5Lc | 0.726 (0.139–0.859) | 0.741 (0.169–0.870) | 0.85 | 0.740 (0.089–0.833) | 0.755 (0.291–0.838) | 0.67 |
△ EQ-5D-5L from baseline | 0.038 (− 0.044–0.164) | 0.064(− 0.380–0.412) | 0.49 | 0.075(− 0.104–0.195) | 0.076 (− 0.201–0.302) | 0.56 |
p-value1 | 0.162 | 0.362 | 0.362 | 0.202 | ||
VASd | 65 (40–99) | 70 (30–90) | 0.48 | 80 (40–99) | 75 (50–90) | 0.93 |
△ VAS from baseline | 5 (− 35–69) | 2 (− 30–35) | 0.91 | 8 (− 25–69) | 15 (− 9–45) | 0.72 |
p-value1 | 0.342 | 0.212 | 0.382 | 0.032 | ||