Pre-clinical medical student cardiac point-of-care ultrasound curriculum based on the American Society of Echocardiography recommendations: a pilot and feasibility study

Table 2 Characteristics of participants

	Student A	Student B	Student C	Student D	Student E	Student F
School year	2nd	2nd	2nd	2nd	2nd	2nd
Sex	Male	Male	Male	Female	Male	Female
Dominant hand	Right	Right	Right	Right	Right	Right
Group size in hand-on training session	3-student group	3-student group	3-student group	1-student group	2-student group	2-student group
Pre-training skill test score (10-point maximum)	2.67	2	3.67	4.33	2.33	0.33
Pre-training knowledge test score (40-point maximum)	n/a^a	14	29	18	17	20
Previous ultrasound training experience
Ultrasound hands-on training or lecture	No	No	Yes^b	Yes^b	Yes^b	No
Cardiac ultrasound on patients	No	No	No	No	No	No
Observation of a cardiac ultrasound on patients	Yes (1–4 times)	No	No	No	Yes (1–4 times)	Yes (1–4 times)
Cardiac ultrasound on healthy volunteers	Yes	No	Yes (1 time)^b	Yes (1 time)^b	Yes (1 time)^b	No
Cardiac ultrasound on simulators	No	No	No	No	No	No
Completion of pre-training ASE online module self-study	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
ASE online module review between immediate post-training tests and 8-week post-training tests	No	No	No	No	No	No
Review of textbooks or websites other than ASE online module between immediate post-training tests and 8-week post-training tests	No	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes
Additional hands-on training between immediate post-training tests and 8-week post-training tests	No	No	No	Yes^c	No	No

n/a, not available; ASE, American Society of Echocardiography; FAST, Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma
^aStudent A did not complete the pre-training knowledge test
^bStudents attended an unstructured 1-h introductory FAST hands-on training with student volunteers in a medical school elective before participation in this study
^cStudent D attended a FAST hands-on training with student volunteers in a medical school ultrasound interest group between the immediate post-training test and the 8-week post-training test

ISSN: 2055-5784