Key characteristics | Total sample (n = 55†) | SMA (n = 7) | SMA-exercises (n = 15) | SMA-orthoses (n = 18) | SMA-combined (n = 15) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clinical characteristics | |||||
Average Pain NRS (last 7 days)a,c | 3 (2, 4)1 | 5 (3, 7) | 3 (2, 4) | 3 (2, 4) | 2 (1, 4)1 |
Pain on getting out of beda | 4 (2, 7)2 | 6 (3, 9) | 4 (3, 6)1 | 5 (2, 7)1 | 2 (1, 9) |
Heel pain todayb | 36 (65.5) | 4 (57.1) | 11 (73.3) | 13 (72.2) | 8 (53.3) |
Heel(s) affectedb | |||||
 Left | 13 (28.3)9 | 3 (42.9) | 3 (25.0)3 | 6 (35.3)1 | 1 (10.0)5 |
 Right | 18 (39.1)9 | 2 (28.6) | 5 (41.7)3 | 6 (35.3)1 | 5 (50.0)5 |
 Both | 15 (32.6)9 | 2 (28.6) | 4 (33.3)3 | 6 (35.3)1 | 4 (40.0)5 |
Ache or pain lasting one day or longer in past monthb | 36 (69.2)3 | 6 (85.7) | 11 (78.6)1 | 12 (70.6)1 | 7 (50.0)1 |
FFI-Paina,d | 28 (15, 50)14 | 38 (31, 74)1 | 24 (16, 48)7 | 36 (20, 51)4 | 18 (6, 24)2 |
FFI-Disabilitya | 12 (1, 35)3 | 19 (12, 67) | 17 (7, 48)1 | 7 (0, 32)2 | 1 (0, 13) |
FFI-Activity Restrictiona | 1 (0, 3)1 | 2 (0, 18) | 2 (0, 2)1 | 2 (0, 4) | 0 (0, 1) |
FFI-Overalla | 37 (21, 80)17 | 52 (45, 164)1 | 40 (27, 95)8 | 40 (26, 82)6 | 21 (8, 36)2 |
MFPDI-Functiona | 16 (13, 20) | 14 (13, 21) | 16 (12, 20) | 16 (14, 21) | 14 (10, 19) |
MFPDI-Paina,e | 12 (10, 14) | 12 (9, 16) | 13 (10, 15) | 12 (10, 14) | 10 (9, 12) |
MFPDI-Personal Appearancea | 3 (2, 4)19 | 2 (2, 3)1 | 3 (2, 4)5 | 4 (3, 4)6 | 2 (2, 3)7 |
MFPDI-Overalla | 29 (23, 38)19 | 29 (25, 32)1 | 34 (26, 36)5 | 36 (27, 39)6 | 23 (22, 28)7 |
EuroQol EQ5Da | .74 (.65, .84)4 | .63 (.51, .84)1 | .74 (.72, .80) | .74 (.64, .84)2 | .84 (.71, 1.00)1 |
Global change, n (%) | |||||
 Completely recovered | 4 (7) | 0 (0) | 1 (7) | 0 (0) | 3 (20) |
 Much better | 19 (35) | 0 (0) | 4 (27) | 9 (50) | 6 (40) |
 Better | 20 (36) | 4 (57) | 8 (53) | 6 (33) | 2 (13) |
 No change | 9 (16) | 2 (29) | 2 (13) | 3 (17) | 2 (13) |
 Worse | 2 (4) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (13) |
 Much worse | 1 (2) | 1 (14) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
Healthcare utilisation (other than study intervention) | |||||
Additional health provider visits | |||||
 Attended an NHS/private health care provider for heel pain, n (%) #1 | 9 (16) | 1 (14) | 3 (20) | 2 (11) | 3 (20) |
 GP (NHS), visit count | 7 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 2 |
 Physiotherapist (NHS/Private), visit count | 15/2 | 1/0 | 9/0 | 1/0 | 4/2 |
 Podiatrist or Chiropodist (NHS/Private), visit count | 5/1 | 0/0 | 0/1 | 2/0 | 3/0 |
 Sub-Cost (GBP) total (overall mean) | £877.24 (£15.95) | £100.88 (£14.41) | £379.80 (£25.32) | £80.64 (£4.48) | £315.92 (£21.06) |
Investigations and surgery | |||||
 Received an investigation or treatment for heel pain, n (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
 Referred for surgery for heel pain, n (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
 Had surgery for heel pain, n (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
 Had inpatient stay for heel pain, n (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
Medications—prescriptions | |||||
 Prescribed tablet medication for heel pain, n (%) # #2 | 3 (5) | 0 (0) | 2 (13) | 0 (0) | 1 (7) |
 Ibuprofen (Nurofen, Brufen), n | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
 Codeine, n | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
 Cocodamol (Solpadol, Kapake), n | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
 Sub-Cost (GBP) total (overall mean) | £9.78 (£0.18) | £0 | £5.81 (£0.39) | £0 | £3.97 (£0.26) |
Medications–over-the-counter (OTC) | |||||
 Bought over-the-counter medication, n (%) #3 | 15 (27) | 4 (57) | 3 (20) | 5 (28) | 3 (20) |
 Paracetamol, n | 6 (mean cost, £3.81) | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
 Ibuprofen, n | 9 (mean cost, £6.37) | 3 | 2 | 3 | 1 |
 Co-codamol, n | 1# | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
 Creams/gels/sprays, n | 3 (mean cost, £2.98) | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
 Sub-Cost (GBP) total (overall mean) | £93.10 (£1.69) | £32.69(£4.67) | £16.55 (£1.10) | £26.73 (£1.49) | £17.13 (£1.14) |
Indirect (lost productivity) | |||||
 No. having time off work (absenteeism), n (days) #4 | 1 (4) | 0 (0) | 1 (4) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
 Sub-cost (GBP) total (overall mean) | £375.42 (£6.83) | £0 (£0) | £375.42(£25.03) | £0 (£0) | £0 (£0) |
 Work performance (presenteeism) score, mean (SD) #5 | 1.9 (2.6) | 2.3# (3.9) | 2.1 (2.0) | 2.5 (3.0) | 0.6 (1.8) |
 Sub-cost (GBP) total (overall mean) | £5817.16 (£105.77) | £1205.41 (£172.20) | £1678.96 (£111.93) | £1657.43 (£92.08) | £904.06 (£60.27) |
Comparison of aggregated mean costs (GBP) | |||||
 Direct healthcare cost (NHS + OTC) | £82.42 | £19.08 | £92.67 | £70.92 | £115.51 |
 Societal cost | |||||
 Healthcare + Work-absenteeism | £89.25 | £19.08 | £117.70 | £70.92 | £115.51 |
 Healthcare + absenteeism + presenteeism | £195.02 | £191.28 | £229.63 | £163.00 | £175.78 |