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Table 2 Means, standard deviations, and 95% paired means confidence intervals for dependent variables by group (control, experimental) and time (pre- and post-training)

From: Feasibility of using a biofeedback device in mindfulness training - a pilot randomized controlled trial

 

Control

(n = 18)

Experimental

(n = 21)

95% CI for MD

State anxiety

 Pre-training

43.6 (7.3)

48.9 (12.3)

− 5.3 95% CI (− 12, 1.4)

 Post-training

38.6 (8.2)

43.4 (12.0)

− 4.8 95% CI (− 11.6, 2)

95% CI PMD

5 95%CI (− .1, 10)

5.5 95%CI (.8, 10.2)

 

Trait anxiety

 Pre-training

51.8 (4.8)

52.3 (9.3)

− .5 95% CI (− 5.4, 4.4)

 Post-training

47.3 (5.8)

49.6 (10.1)

− 3.3 95% CI (− 7.8, 3.2)

95% CI PMD

4.5 95% CI (2.3, 6.7)

2.7 95% CI (.67, 4.8)

 

Perceived Stress Scale

 Pre-training

24.9 (4.8)

26.1 (3.5)

− 1.2 95% CI (− 3.9, 1.5)

 Post-training

20.7 (5.7)

21.7 (5.8)

− 1 95% CI (− 4.7, 2.7)

95% CI PMD

4.2 95% CI (1.7, 6.8)

4.4 95% CI (2.1, 6.8)

 

Difficulties in emotion regulation

 Pre-training

96.7 (22.0)

98.5 (21.6)

− 1.8 95% CI (− .16, 12.4)

 Post-training

91.4 (18.3)

91.1 (18.1)

.3 95% CI (− 11.5, 12.1)

95% CI PMD

5.3 95% CI (− 2.8, 13.5)

7.4 95%CI (− .19, 15)

 
  1. Notes. Data are means (SD). No statistically significant differences between control and experimental group (all p’s > .05). 95% CI PMD 95% CI Mean Difference