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Table 1 Descriptive statistics by group

From: Feasibility of using a biofeedback device in mindfulness training - a pilot randomized controlled trial

 

Control (n = 18)

Experimental (n = 21)

Total (n = 39)

Age (years)

24.9 (7.5)

23.4 (3.6)

24.1 (5.7)

Sex

 Male

11 (61.1%)

10 (47.6%)

21 (53.8%)

 Female

7 (38.9%)

11 (52.4%)

18 (46.2%)

Ethnicity

 White

7 (38.9%)

7 (33.3%)

14 (35.9%)

 Black

–

2 (9.5%)

2 (5.1%)

 Asian

7 (38.9%)

7 (33.3%)

14 (35.9%)

 Hispanic

3 (16.7%)

4 (19%)

7 (17.9%)

 Other

1 (5.6%)

1 (4.8%)

2 (5.1%)

Grade

 Undergraduate

8 (44.4%)

11 (57.1%)

19 (48.7%)

 Graduate

10 (55.6%)

9 (42.9%)

20 (51.3%)

Income level

 < $34,999

9 (50.0%)

10 (47.6%)

19 (48.7%)

 $35,000–$74,999

4 (22.2%)

6 (28.6%)

10 (25.6%)

 $75,000 +

5 (27.8%)

5 (23.8%)

10 (25.6%)

State-Trait Anxiety Inventory

 State-anxiety

  Male

42.1 (5.3)

48.9 (12.2)

45.3 (9.7)

  Female

45.9 (9.7)

48.8 (13.0)

47.7 (11.6)

 Trait-anxiety

  Male

51.3 (4.6)

50.5 (7.8)

50.9 (6.2)

  Female

51.2 (4.6)

54.0 (10.6)

53.5 (8.8)

  1. Notes. Data are means (SD) or amount (%). Reported State-Trait Anxiety Inventory numbers are only at Pre-testing in order to assess group differences prior to intervention. No group differences were found on any variable