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Table 4 Model estimated within program differences across weekdays attended, weekdays not attended, and weekend days

From: The impact of summer programming on the obesogenic behaviors of children: behavioral outcomes from a quasi-experimental pilot trial

  

Hypothesis 3

 

Hypothesis 4

 

Hypothesis 5

Group

Behaviors

Weekday attend versus weekday not attend

HR

HS

 

Weekday attend versus weekend day

HR

HS

 

Weekday not attend versus weekend day

HR

HS

Est

95% CI

   

Est

95% CI

   

Est

95% CI

  

HSL (n = 51)

Sedentary (min)

− 138.8

(− 171.7, − 105.9)

−

Support

 

− 87.0

(− 122.7, − 51.3)

−

Support

 

51.8

(14.6, 88.9)

0

Conflict

MVPA (min)

51.2

(33.3, 69.0)

+

Support

 

50.7

(36.9, 64.6)

+

Support

 

− 0.4

(− 12.4, 11.5)

0

Support

Total steps

5436.6

(4469.2, 6404.0)

+

Support

 

4951.0

(2213.8, 3562.3)

+

Support

 

− 485.6

(− 1357.0, 385.8)

0

Support

Sleep duration (min)

− 20.6

(− 43.9, 2.7)

+

Null

 

− 14.2

(− 34.6, 6.2)

+

Null

 

6.5

(− 11.6, 24.5)

0

Support

Sleep onset

− 52.9

(− 81.9, − 24.0)

−

Support

 

− 66.0

(− 84.3, − 47.6)

−

Support

 

− 13.0

(− 40.4, 14.4)

0

Support

I-I SD for sleep onset

− 55.1

(− 91.0, − 19.1)

−

Support

 

− 45.3

(− 77.0, − 13.5)

−

Support

 

9.8

(− 35.4, 55.0)

0

Support

Sleep offset

− 54.7

(− 122.6, − 68.3)

−

Support

 

− 90.5

(− 116.8, − 64.3)

−

Support

 

4.9

(− 21.8, 31.7)

0

Support

I-I SD for sleep offset

− 71.5

(− 98.2, − 44.7)

−

Support

 

− 56.8

(− 83.6, − 30.0)

−

Support

 

14.7

(− 21.8, 51.2)

0

Support

Total screen time (min)

− 44.0

(− 78.6, − 9.4)

−

Support

 

− 54.7

(− 91.8, − 17.7)

−

Support

 

− 10.7

(− 44.6, 23.2)

0

Support

Screen time after 20:00 h (min)

− 1.8

(− 23.3, 19.6)

−

Null

 

− 15.0

(− 40.0, 10.1)

−

Null

 

− 13.1

(− 39.6, 13.3)

0

Support

Healthy foods/drinks

0.06

(− 0.19, 0.32)

+

Null

 

− 0.04

(− 0.25, 0.17)

+

Null

 

− 0.11

(− 0.36, 0.15)

0

Support

Unhealthy foods/drinks

− 0.37

(− 0.92, 0.18)

−

Null

 

− 0.52

(− 0.89, − 0.16)

−

Support

 

− 0.16

(− 0.75, 0.44)

0

Support

21C (n = 57)

Sedentary (min)

− 80.2

(− 112.3, − 48.2)

−

Support

 

− 86.4

(− 114.8, − 58.1)

−

Support

 

− 6.2

(− 35.5, 23.1)

0

Support

MVPA (min)

15.0

(6.6, 23.4)

+

Support

 

16.1

(6.6, 23.4)

+

Support

 

1.1

(− 5.0, 7.2)

0

Support

Total steps

2637.4

(1924.3, 3350.5)

+

Support

 

2888.1

(2213.8, 3562.3)

+

Support

 

250.7

(− 284.4, 785.7)

0

Support

Sleep duration (min)

− 16.2

(− 31.5, − 0.9)

+

Conflict

 

− 17.3

(− 33.1, − 1.5)

+

Conflict

 

− 1.1

(− 16.7, 14.5)

0

Support

Sleep onset

− 88.2

(− 115.0, − 61.3)

−

Support

 

− 88.4

(− 110.6, − 66.3)

−

Support

 

− 0.3

(− 20.4, 19.9)

0

Support

I-I SD for sleep onset

− 53.5

(− 85.7, − 21.2)

−

Support

 

− 54.1

(− 85.2, − 23.0)

−

Support

 

− 0.6

(− 37.4, 36.1)

0

Support

Sleep offset

− 104.8

(− 124.8, − 84.8)

−

Support

 

− 109.4

(− 129.8, − 89.1)

−

Support

 

− 4.7

(− 23.4, 14.0)

0

Support

I-I SD for sleep offset

− 52.0

(− 94.2, − 9.9)

−

Support

 

− 37.7

(− 73.9, − 1.6)

−

Support

 

14.3

(− 19.7, 48.3)

0

Support

Total screen time (min)

− 57.3

(− 92.0, − 22.6)

−

Support

 

− 26.8

(− 55.8, 2.1)

−

Null

 

30.4

(10.1, 50.8)

0

Conflict

Screen time after 20:00 h (min)

− 22.9

(− 39.7, − 6.2)

−

Support

 

− 4.6

(− 20.7, 11.4)

−

Null

 

18.3

(6.5, 30.1)

0

Conflict

Healthy foods/drinks

− 0.17

(− 0.46, 0.11)

+

Null

 

0.13

(− 0.10, 0.35)

+

Null

 

0.30

(0.10, 0.50)

0

Conflict

Unhealthy foods/drinks

− 0.59

(− 1.06, − 0.12)

−

Support

 

− 0.21

(− 0.62, 0.20)

−

Null

 

0.38

(0.07, 0.69)

0

Conflict

Control (n = 43)

Sedentary (min)

            

12.9

(− 49.0, 23.2)

0

Support

MVPA (min)

            

2.0

(− 12.2, 8.2)

0

Support

Total steps

            

26.0

(− 742.5, 690.5)

0

Support

Sleep duration (min)

            

2.5

(− 16.0, 11.0)

0

Support

Sleep onset

            

1.3

(− 15.4, 18.1)

0

Support

I-I SD for sleep onset

            

− 26.7

(− 77.9, 24.5)

0

Support

Sleep offset

            

− 4.1

(− 26.9, 18.7)

0

Support

I-I SD for sleep offset

            

0.4

(− 42.0, 42.8)

0

Support

Total screen time (min)

            

9.2

(− 41.0, 22.6)

0

Support

Screen time after 20:00 h (min)

            

3.3

(− 17.5, 24.2)

0

Support

Healthy foods/drinks

            

0.14

(− 0.31, 0.03)

0

Support

Unhealthy foods/drinks

            

− 0.01

(− 0.39, 0.40)

0

Support

  1. Abbreviations: HSL Healthy Summer Learners, 21C 21st Century Program, HR hypothesized relationship, HS hypothesized support (i.e., did the relationship support the hypothesis), I-I intra-individual; estimates are based on multilevel mixed effects linear regressions with days nested within children, all estimates represent combined data from schools 1 and 2 (i.e., summer 2018 and 2019); bolded values indicated a statistically significant difference at p < 0.05. Support indicates statistically significant difference in the hypothesized direction or no statistically significant difference when no difference was hypothesized, Null indicates no statistically significant difference despite a hypothesis that the means should differ, and Conflict indicates statistically significant difference that is contrary to the hypothesized relationship. 0 indicates no significant difference