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Table 5 Participant outcome and experience measure scores

From: Pilot randomized controlled trial of a complex intervention for diabetes self-management supported by volunteers, technology, and interprofessional primary health care teams

Outcome

Baseline

Four months

Difference between groups at 4 months

Effect size

Int.

n = 15

Cont.

n = 20

Int.

n = 15

Cont.

n = 20

EMM (SD)

EMM (SD)

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Mean (95% CI)

η 2

Diabetes self-efficacy

7.81 (0.28)

7.16 (0.24)

7.93 (1.32)

7.06 (1.55)

0.65 (− 0.11 to 1.40)

0.09

Chronic disease self-efficacy

7.23 (0.36)

6.69 (0.31)

7.56 (1.67)

6.45 (1.80)

0.53 (− 0.44 to 1.52)

0.04

Readiness to change§

1.76 (0.19)

2.10 (0.16)

1.56 (0.66)

2.25 (1.02)

− 0.34 (− 0.85 to 0.17)

0.05

Physical activity||

4.56 (0.38)

3.48 (0.33)

4.73 (1.62)

3.35 (1.60)

1.07 (0.05 to 2.10)

0.12

Patient empowerment#

3.31 (0.20)

3.28 (0.17)

3.20 (0.99)

3.36 (0.61)

0.03 (0.52 to 0.57)

0.00

Patient-centeredness††

2.67 (0.24)

2.74 (0.20)

2.63 (1.00)

2.77 (0.83)

− 0.08 (− 0.72 to 0.56)

0.00

PACIC‡‡

3.34 (0.23)

3.03 (0.20)

3.22 (1.11)

3.12 (0.98)

0.31 (− 0.31 to 0.93)

0.03

 

Int.

n = 16

Cont.

n = 16

Int.

n = 16

Cont.

n = 16

  

HbA1c

7.89 (0.31)

6.86 (0.31)

7.78 (1.85)

6.98 (1.11)

1.02 (0.14 to 1.91)

0.16

  1. Int. intervention group, Cont. control group, EMM estimated marginal mean, SE standard error, CI confidence interval
  2. Ranges from 1 to 10, higher values represent higher self-efficacy
  3. Ranges from 1 to 10, higher values represent higher self-efficacy
  4. §Ranges from 1 to 5, higher values represent less readiness-to-change
  5. ||Ranges from 1 to 7, higher values represent higher activity; > 6 labeled as suboptimal activity
  6. #Ranges 1–4, higher values represent higher perceived patient empowerment from clinical team
  7. ††Ranges from 1 to 4, higher values represent higher patient-centeredness
  8. ‡‡Ranges from 1 to 10, higher scores represent higher satisfaction with chronic illness care