|
Outcome measures
|
Follow-up
|
Exercise alone (N = 11)
|
Acupuncture (N = 13)
|
Manual therapy (N = 12)
|
|---|
|
Pain score*
|
Baseline
|
4.41 (3.66; 5.16)
|
4.00 (3.33; 4.67)
|
4.47 (3.73; 5.20)
|
|
1 week
|
4.27 (3.33; 5.20)
|
3.00(2.20; 3.80)
|
4.03 (3.09; 4.97)
|
|
2 weeks
|
4.06 (2.90; 5.21)
|
2.85 (1.90; 3.79)
|
3.53 (2.43; 4.63)
|
|
3 weeks
|
4.32 (3.31; 5.33)
|
2.88 (2.07; 3.69)
|
3.13 (2.21; 4.05)
|
|
4 weeks
|
3.84 (2.79; 4.89)
|
2.55 (1.65; 3.45)
|
3.03 (2.02; 4.04)
|
|
12 weeks
|
3.55 (2.40; 4.68)
|
1.82 (0.92; 2.72)
|
2.04 (0.86; 3.20)
|
|
1 year
|
2.95 (1.72; 4.18)
|
0.88 (0.03; 1.79)
|
1.55 (0.49; 2.60)
|
|
Function of arm**
|
Baseline
|
31.54 (22.10; 40.98)
|
33.72 (25.44; 41.99)
|
37.24 (27.89; 46.59)
|
|
4 weeks
|
35.41 (25.35; 45.47)
|
28.69 (20.38; 37.00)
|
28.73 (18.92; 38.55)
|
|
12 weeks
|
30.00 (19.96; 40.04)
|
19.81 (11.99; 27.63)
|
16.08 (05.56; 26.60)
|
|
1 year
|
28.15 (16.18; 39.47)
|
12.19 (02.87; 21.52)
|
14.83 (04.22; 25.44)
|
- *NRS (0–10). 0 = no pain, 10 = worst pain
- **Quick-DASH (0–100). A higher score indicates greater disability
