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Table 3 Values on measures amongst participants in the pilot randomised controlled phase at each time point

From: Evaluation of a smartwatch-based intervention providing feedback of daily activity within a research-naive stroke ward: a pilot randomised controlled trial

Outcome

Baseline

3 weeks

12 weeks/3 months

Feedback

No Feedback

Feedback

No feedback

Feedback

No feedback

M (SD)

Median (range)

M (SD)

Median (range)

M (SD)

Median (range)

M (SD)

Median (range)

M (SD)

Median (range)

M (SD)

Median (range)

Performance-based

 Grip strength (Kg)

  Right

21 (13.2)

 

24 (13.1)

 

20 (13.7)

 

25 (13.6)

     

  Left

19 (11.7)

 

17 (11.2)

 

23 (9.3)

 

15 (10.1)

     

 10-m walk test (s)

43 (31.8)

 

40 (32.3)

 

37 (34.5)

 

48 (41.8)

     

 MoCA

17 (5.6)

18 (9–28)

17 (6.4)

21 (7–26)

19 (7.4)

22 (6–28)

18 (6.4)

21 (7–26)

    

 BI

9 (4.0)

8 (5–18)

11 (4.2)

11 (5–21)

12 (3.7)

12 (6–19)

12 (4.4)

13 (7–20)

    

Self-report

 FSS

 

39 (9–50)

 

48 (9–60)

 

40 (33–55)

 

52 (20–63)

    

 VAF-S

 

6 (0–10)

 

8 (0–10)

 

5 (3–10)

 

7 (5–10)

    

 EQ-5D-5L VAS

47.9 (24.9)

52 (10–90)

55 (29.6)

60 (0–100)

52 (24.5)

57 (0–80)

61 (26.0)

70 (20–100)

55 (24.2)

50 (30–90)

60 (10.2)

60 (50–75)

 RMI

 

4 (1–13)

 

6 (2–15)

 

8 (1–14)

 

6 (3–15)

 

8 (3–15)

 

9 (0–14)

 WHODAS

 

48 (12–85)

 

54 (16–87)

 

46 (4–79)

 

44 (20–95)

 

39 (2–60)

 

45 (4–79)

  1. Data were included only if the patient successfully completed assessment.
  2. Abbreviations: MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (Mandarin version); BI, Barthel ADL Index; FSS, Fatigue Severity Scale; VAF-S, Visual Analog Fatigue Scale; EQ-5D-5L, EuroQol Health Questionnaire, including the EQ VAS (Visual Analogue Scale); RMI, Rivermead Mobility Index; WHODAS, World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (12-item); M, mean; SD, standard deviation. WHODAS scores represent a percentage of the maximum disability score (the total score, between 0 and 48, is divided by 48 and multiplied by 100)