Table 2 TIDieR description of intervention

Name

Preoperative Behavioural Intervention to Reduce Drinking before elective orthopaedic Surgery (PRE-OP BIRDS)

1

Why

Preoperative alcohol consumption is related to increased risk of postoperative complications. The aim of the intervention is to support patients to reduce or cease alcohol consumption prior to elective orthopaedic surgery.

7–11

What

Materials:

Healthcare professionals (HCPs) are trained to screen for increased risk alcohol consumption and to deliver the following intervention materials:

14

 • Brief Advice Sheet

 • Brief Intervention Sheet

 • Patient Information Leaflet

17–19

Training also covers use of brief motivational techniques to increase motivation for change. Training of healthcare professionals is supported by a training manual.

Procedures: The intervention is delivered over two sessions (the second is optional). The first session involves provision of 5 min of structured advice that aims to increase motivation using the ‘brief advice sheet’. This is followed by 15–25 min of behaviour change intervention using the brief intervention sheet. This intervention targets volitional aspects of behaviour change. The aim of the second optional booster session is to review and/or revise behavioural goals, provide feedback on performance and discuss self-monitoring to increase self-efficacy. This session is also designed to allow those individuals who have showed an initial intention to make changes, but who have not formally set behavioural goal(s) and plans to do so if desired.

17–19

Who provided

HCPs employed in the Preoperative assessment clinics who have received training in the delivery of screening and brief behavioural intervention.

14

How

The initial intervention session is delivered face to face during routine clinics. The second session, an optional booster session will be delivered either face to face in clinic or by telephone depending upon patient preference. All intervention sessions are delivered one to one.

17–19

Where

Intervention sessions will be delivered during routine preoperative assessment clinics. Where the patent opts to receive a booster session by telephone the HCP delivering the session will call from the preoperative assessment clinic.

13

When and how much

The first session involving delivery of brief advice and brief behavioural intervention will last approximately 30 min and will be delivered during routine pre-assessment clinics once all clinical procedures have been completed. The second optional, ‘booster’ session will last approximately 20 min and will be delivered around 1 week before surgery.

17–19

Tailoring

Intervention materials incorporate specific behaviour change techniques that target intention formation and enactment of behaviour change (e.g. information on health consequences, social support, goal setting behaviour, problem solving, restructuring the physical environment). HCPs are trained to use these techniques to tailor the intervention to the needs and preferences of the individual patient. For example, providing information relevant to and requested by the patient and supporting them to set meaningful and realistic goals that fit in with their own specific circumstances. Use of brief motivational techniques by HCPs allows them to determine level of motivation to change and tailor the intervention to target motivation or volition at the appropriate times.

17–19

How well

Consultations with participating patients will be audio recorded to allow an assessment of skill acquisition and fidelity of delivery of the intervention post-training. The aim is to improve fidelity of delivery via provision of feedback to HCPs including aspects of intervention delivery that went well and where they could improve. Feedback is provided following delivery of the intervention by each HCP to patients 2 and 4.

14–15

26–27