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Table 1 Participant characteristics for African American formula feeding (AAFF) and White breastfeeding (WBF) mother-infantsa

From: Differences in early risk factors for obesity between African American formula-fed infants and White breastfed controls

 

AAFF (n = 32)

WBF (n = 25)

Mothers

 Age, years**

24.6 (0.7)

32.7 (0.7)

 Weight, kg**

85.8 (2.9)

71.6 (3.1)

 BMI, kg/m2**

32.6 (1.1)

26.3 (1.2)

 Parity

2.31 (0.2)

1.72 (0.2)

 Education, %b,**

  High school graduate or less

90.3

14.3

  Some college/technical school

3.20

33.3

  College graduate or more

3.20

52.4

 Income, %b,**

  < $25,000

45.2

9.52

  $25,000–49,999

6.45

23.8

  $50,000–74,999

9.68

23.8

  ≥ $75,000

3.23

42.9

 WIC participation, %b,**

86.2

23.8

Infants

 Gestational age, weeks**

39.1 (0.2)

40.1 (0.2)

 Age, weeks*

2.45 (0.1)

2.01 (0.1)

 Male/female, %b

50/50

36/64

 Weight, kg*

3.46 (0.1)

3.72 (0.1)

 Length, cm**

49.5 (0.4)

51.5 (0.4)

  1. Values are mean (SE) or %
  2. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01
  3. aTests of significance between groups were based on ANOVA unless otherwise indicated
  4. bTests of significance between groups were based on the chi-square test of goodness of fit